No Peace, Only War: England and Spain

2. More than any some other consideration of Philip's and Spain, victory over the English was seen by them as a fulfillment of immortal's uniting of the two nations under the banner of the Catholic Spanish Empire according to what they saw as the result of God. Philip hoped to gain the land, power, and prestige of victory over England, certainly, nevertheless the above all the impetus was the divine mission upon which Philip believed he was embarked. Philip wanted to do what he believed was God's will in contend and defeating the English so that he and Spain would rule over a vast empire in the name of both God and country. As Mendoza wrote, "It would seem to be God's obvious design to take upon Your Majesty the crowns of these two kingdoms" (40). He also especially felt up the call to help the Catholics of England (79) by bringing them under his protection. This seems to be the major goal, in Mattingly's view, be driving, writing of the dangers of the invasion, he writes what he imagines Philip's thoughts cogency have been: "Could God ask so much, even to revive England to the faith?" (80).

On a more practical level, some(prenominal) goals stand out. For example, along with Mendoza, he wanted revenge for the Spanish embassy having been expelled in 1855 (39). Spain also saw England as a threat, symbolized by Drake's raid down the coast of Spain (79), a

4. The fight between the English and Spanish involved " non just the fates of England and Scotland, France and the Netherlands, but all of Christendom" (v-vi) because at the heart of Philip's cause was the desire to unite all Christians in the two countries at the very least under his and the Catholic banner, defeating Protestantism which reigned in England. If on that point is one theme to the book, it is that Philip was possessed with the belief that this struggle would be waged according to God's will and desire that he personally push the Catholic cause. As was mentioned in the previous answer, the major branching of the defeat of the Spanish was a negatively charged one--what did not happen.

That negative ramification was that the Counter Reformation would not succeed by force, and that Protestantism and Catholicism would exist, however uneasily, side by side in Europe.

threat which would be removed with victory. Strategically, however, considering the disaster which was to ensue, Philip could have secured a far more secure and peaceful resolution to the struggle simply by agreeing to the terms of the negotiations with Elizabeth (190-191).

For the rest of his reign he was again the Prudent King, cautious, even to the point of what looked like timidity, hesitant, watchful. . . . " plain kings . . . must submit to being used by God's will without knowing what it is. they must never seek to use it" (392).

5. Mattingly portrays the war as essentially one driven by the religious motivations of Philip. However, these religious motivations seem to have been grounded as much in Philip's psyche and personality as much as in the actual ideological clash between Catholicism and Protestantism. on that point seems to have been minimal economic concern, at least as Mattingly portrays the war, except for the fear of Philip that the war would be too pricey financially. There were certainly political issues at stake--including who would rule England and what would be the continental ramificati
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